Exercises: Fit a Function to Data

Work through each section in order. When choosing a model family, justify
from BOTH the scatter plot's form and the context's mechanism. When using a
fitted function, substitute or solve carefully and state every answer with
units. Remember: a fitted model captures the overall trend — it need not pass
through every point — and predictions far outside the data range
(extrapolation) are not as trustworthy as predictions inside it.