Roman Numerals in Real Life

P6 Mathematics - Term I, Topic 2

Lesson 5 of 5

Learning Objectives:

• Read Roman numerals up to 1000 (M) in various contexts
• Write years in Roman numerals
• Identify where Roman numerals are used in everyday life

A Quick Review of Our Rules

The Seven Roman Numeral Symbols

Rules: Addition (VI = 6), Subtraction (IV = 4)

Where Do We See Roman Numerals?

Real-Life Uses

• Clock faces - Hours I to XII
• Book chapters - Chapter I, II, III
• Movie copyright dates - MMXXIII (2023)
• Names - King Henry VIII

Reading Roman Numerals on a Clock

Roman Numerals from 1 to 100

Building Larger Numbers

Combining Tens and Ones Together

Examples with Tens and Ones

47 = XLVII → XL (40) + VII (7)

89 = LXXXIX → LXXX (80) + IX (9)

99 = XCIX → XC (90) + IX (9)

Practice: Convert to Roman Numerals

Try These

1. 25 = ?
2. 44 = ?
3. 67 = ?
4. 91 = ?

Checking Your Roman Numeral Answers

Solutions

1. 25 = XXV (20 + 5)
2. 44 = XLIV (40 + 4)
3. 67 = LXVII (60 + 7)
4. 91 = XCI (90 + 1)

Key Values for Writing Years

Building Blocks for Years

Breaking Down the Year 1999

MCMXCIX

• M = 1000
• CM = 900
• XC = 90
• IX = 9

Total: 1000 + 900 + 90 + 9 = 1999

Breaking Down This Very Year: 2025

MMXXV

• MM = 2000 (two thousands)
• XX = 20 (two tens)
• V = 5

Total: 2000 + 20 + 5 = 2025

Practice: Writing Years in Roman Numerals

Convert These Years

1. 2013 = ?
2. 1990 = ?
3. 2024 = ?

Checking Your Year Conversion Answers

Solutions

1. 2013 = MMXIII (2000 + 10 + 3)
2. 1990 = MCMXC (1000 + 900 + 90)
3. 2024 = MMXXIV (2000 + 20 + 4)

Uganda's Independence Year in Roman Numerals

1962 = MCMLXII

• M = 1000, CM = 900
• LX = 60, II = 2

Total: 1000 + 900 + 60 + 2 = 1962

Practice: Reading Years Written in Roman Numerals

Convert to Hindu-Arabic Numbers

1. MCMXCII = ?
2. MMXX = ?
3. MCMLXXV = ?

Checking How You Read These Years

Solutions

1. MCMXCII = 1992
2. MMXX = 2020
3. MCMLXXV = 1975

Challenge: Write Your Own Birth Year

Write YOUR birth year in Roman numerals

Example: If you were born in 2013: 2013 = MMXIII

Steps:

1. Start with thousands
2. Add hundreds, tens, then ones

More Real-Life Places to Find Them

Where You'll Find Roman Numerals

A Summary of All Five Lessons

What We Learned About Whole Numbers

What You Can Now Do

You Can Now:

• Read and write numbers up to 9,999,999 in Hindu-Arabic numerals
• Read and write numbers up to 1,000 in Roman numerals
• Convert between both number systems

Quick Assessment on Roman Numerals

Answer These Questions

1. What hour does IX represent on a clock?
2. Write 75 in Roman numerals.
3. Write 2025 in Roman numerals.
4. What year is MCMXCII?

Checking Your Final Assessment Answers

1. 9 o'clock
2. LXXV (50 + 10 + 10 + 5)
3. MMXXV (2000 + 20 + 5)
4. 1992 (1000 + 900 + 90 + 2)

Coming Next: Operations on Whole Numbers

Topic 3: Operations on Whole Numbers

• Addition and subtraction of large numbers
• Multiplication and division
• Mixed operations

Get ready to calculate with numbers up to 9,999,999!

Tonight's Homework on Roman Numerals

1. Draw a clock face with Roman numerals (I-XII)

2. Convert to Roman numerals: 25, 49, 88, 150, your birth year

3. Convert to Hindu-Arabic: XLIV, LXXVII, XCVI, MCMLXII

Great Work Completing Topic 2!

You've completed Topic 2: Whole Numbers!

Remember:

• Roman numerals are still used today
• You can now work with numbers up to millions!

Next lesson: Topic 3 - Operations on Whole Numbers