Back to Compare two treatments from a randomized experiment — Problem 5 · Task Set 16

Exercises: Compare Two Treatments Using Re-Randomization Simulation

Work through each section in order. Show your work where indicated. For each significance decision, state the tail fraction and whether the result is significant, then interpret it.

Grade 11·23 problems·~45 min·Common Core Math - HS Statistics and Probability·group·hss-ic-b-5

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Fluency Practice

Using the same dot plot, the observed difference of +4 lands in the far upper tail, with only about 4% of shuffles at least that large. What is the significance decision?

Significant: a gap this large is rarely produced by chance alone, so it is evidence the treatment had a real effect.

Not significant: 4% of shuffles still produced such a gap, so it is plainly chance.

Impossible to decide without a formal p-value formula.

Significant, but only if the distribution were centered at +4.